In this article, we will see how to convert a string to a number in JavaScript.
In Javascript, we can represent a number in the form of an actual number or as a string.
Example
let num1 = 20;
let num2 = '20'
console.log(typeof num1) // Number
console.log(typeof num2) // StringAnd if we compare them using === (equality comparison operator) , it will return as false since both are of different data types.
console.log(num1 === num2) //falseSo, in this article, we will see 5 different ways on how to convert a given string to a number using vanilla Javascript.
Method 1 : Using parseInt()
The parseInt() method parses a given string argument and return us an integer i.e a whole number.
syntax:
parseInt(string, radix)It takes two arguments:
string: The value to parse.
radix: This is the base number used in mathematical numeral systems, you can read about it (Radix – Wikipedia). A radix of 10 converts from a decimal number, 8 converts from octal, 16 from hexadecimal, and so on.
Example:
let str = '20'
let num = parseInt(str)
console.log(num) // 20The limitation of the parseInt() method is that it cannot convert a decimal number. It will round off to the nearest integer value and return us the number.
So to convert a decimal number string to a number we have to use the next method.
Method 2: Using parseFloat()
The parseFloat() method, parse a string argument and return us the floating-point number (decimal number).
Syntax:
parseFloat(string)Example:
let str1 = '3.14'
let str2 = '5.44abcd'
console.log(parseFloat(str1)) // 3.14
console.log(parseFloat(str2)) // 5.44Method 3 : Using Number()
The Number() function converts a string to a number in Javascript.
Unlike parseInt() and parseFloat() which can convert only to integer or a floating-point value, the Number() method can convert a string and return both integer and a decimal number.
And if the value cannot be converted it returns NaN (Not a Number).
Syntax:
Number(string)Example:
let str1 = '3.14'
let str2 = '2.1345'
let str3 = '5.44abcd'
console.log(Number(str1)) //3.14
console.log(Number(str2)) // 2.1345
console.log(Number(str3)) //NaNMethod 4: Using Math.floor()
The Math.floor() function returns a value which is the largest integer less than or equal to the given number. It returns 0 if the given value is null.
Syntax:
Math.floor(x)Example:
console.log(Math.floor(4.95)); //4
console.log(Math.floor(4.05)); //4
console.log(Math.floor(4)); //4
console.log(Math.floor(-4.05)); //-5
console.log(Math.floor(null)); //0Method 5: Using Unary Operator (+)
The unary plus operator + converts the operand into a number.
If we place the unary operator before a numerical value, it does nothing.
However, if is placed the operator before the string (non-numeric) value, it does the number conversion using the Number() function.
Example:
let str = '20';
console.log(+str); // 10So, these are five different ways to transform a string value into a number in JavaScript. And all these methods work on any modern browser and IE6.
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